Sodium citrate is a salt of citric acid and is widely used in various industries, including food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, and as a water softener. It serves multiple functions, such as a buffering agent, acidity regulator, and emulsifier.
Description: Sodium citrate is a white, crystalline powder that is odorless and has a saline, slightly tart taste. It is highly soluble in water, and its solubility increases with temperature. The sodium salt of citric acid, sodium citrate, is derived from citric acid by neutralizing it with sodium hydroxide.
Applications:
- Food and Beverages: Used as a buffering and chelating agent in various food and beverage products, including soft drinks, jams, and dairy products.
- Pharmaceuticals: Included in certain medications as a buffering agent to control acidity and improve palatability.
- Water Treatment: Applied as a water softener to prevent the precipitation of calcium and magnesium ions, reducing water hardness.
Safety Considerations: Sodium citrate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used in accordance with regulatory guidelines. It is considered safe for consumption in food and pharmaceutical products. However, as with any ingredient, excessive consumption should be avoided.
Usage Guidelines: The concentration of sodium citrate in formulations varies based on the specific application. Manufacturers should follow recommended usage levels and adhere to regulatory standards to ensure effective and safe utilization in food, pharmaceuticals, and water treatment.
